Keberlanjutan Pengelolaan Tambak Udang Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) Berbasis Multi-Dimensi di Desa Bottolempangen Multidimensionally-based sustainability of vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) pond management in Bottolempangen Village

Abstract

The development of vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) aquaculture in coastal areas plays a strategic role in supporting national food security and increasing fisheries export value. However, improper pond management practices may lead to environmental degradation and reduced long-term productivity. This study aims to assess the sustainability level of vannamei shrimp pond management based on a multidimensional approach, focusing on ecological and technological dimensions in Bottolempangen Village, Maros Regency. The research was conducted through a field survey involving 52 shrimp farmers selected using purposive sampling. Primary data were collected through interviews and structured questionnaires, while secondary data were obtained from relevant literature and official government sources. Data analysis was performed using the RAPFISH method with a Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) approach, complemented by leverage analysis to identify sensitive attributes and Monte Carlo analysis to evaluate model stability. The results indicate that the ecological dimension has a sustainability index value of 40.73%, classified as less sustainable, with key leverage attributes including the use of environmentally friendly chemicals, biodiversity conservation around pond areas, and effective management of solid and liquid waste. Meanwhile, the technological dimension shows a sustainability index of 12.38%, also categorized as less sustainable, with pond preparation, water quality management, and feed management identified as the main leverage factors. Overall, the findings suggest that improving environmental management practices and enhancing the adoption of efficient and sustainable aquaculture technologies are essential to support the long-term sustainability of vannamei shrimp pond management in coastal areas.