Agrokompleks merupakan jurnal ilmiah yang diterbitkan oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (PPPM) Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkajene Kepulauan. Ruang lingkup artikel yang dimuat pada jurnal ini meliputi bidang pertanian secara umum meliputi; teknologi pertanian, teknologi perikanan, teknologi peternakan, dan agribisnis. Jurnal ini terbit dua kali dalam setahun yaitu setiap bulan Januari dan Juli
Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkajene Kepulauan
Pertumbuhan rumput laut hijau (Caulerpa sp.) pada media kultur (trays) di perairan Pulau Barrang Caddi, Kota Makassar
Sea grapes (Caulerpa sp.) are commonly known as lawi-lawi to locals in South Sulawesi and several other areas. This species can be consumed directly (edible seaweed) without requiring processing. Lawi has become a leading commodity for farmers in several coastal regions. This commodity can serve as an alternative livelihood for the island’s people. This study aims to look at the growth of lawi-lawi in cultural media (trays) in the coastal area of Barrang Caddi Island, Makassar. The trial took place from August to November 2024, and growth data were collected monthly on each tray, with four iterations, while also recording water quality data at regular intervals. The heavy metal content was analyzed in two seasons, namely the dry season and the rainy season. Data on water quality parameters, such as Temperature, Salinity, pH, Phosphate, and Nitrate, are within the optimal range. This shows that the surrounding water conditions can support the growth of the lawi-lawi seaweed species on the island. The specific growth rate (LPS) of lawi–lawi ranges from 0.1 to 0.5%/day. This is close to the value of LPS lawi-lawi, which is cultivated in ponds using trays. Meanwhile, the results of the heavy metal content test on the lawi–lawi sample showed a number that was far below the SNI threshold, so it was very safe to consume.
Copyright (c) 2025 Agrokompleks https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
Estimasi kesesuaian perairan untuk marikultur berbasis kualitas air dan pendekatan spasial-temporal di Pulau Karampuang, Sulawesi Barat
Mariculture activities play a significant role in contributing to the country's foreign exchange, as many of its products are exported abroad. Mamuju Regency, situated in West Sulawesi Province, is part of the eastern region of Indonesia and boasts vast potential for mariculture due to its abundant natural resources. However, farmers face several challenges, particularly oceanographic factors such as large waves, variations in freshwater input, and nutrient concentrations from land-based activities. These factors can negatively impact aquaculture media and alter oceanographic conditions, potentially threatening cultivation. The goal of this study was to examine the spatial and temporal dynamics of oceanographic conditions and assess the feasibility of waters for mariculture activities. The research was conducted in the waters around Karampuang Island in Mamuju Regency, using a descriptive quantitative approach. This involved determining sampling stations, measuring water quality both in situ and ex situ, analyzing data to assess the suitability of the waters for mariculture, and creating a GIS-based land suitability map. The results show that the water conditions in Karampuang Island are pretty dynamic, with varying water quality parameters observed, indicating diverse suitability for mariculture. For seaweed cultivation, station 3 was categorized as quite suitable, while stations 1 and 2 were considered appropriate. However, for KJA system cultivation, only station 1 consistently supports cultivation. Further studies are needed to monitor the water quality periodically and conduct cultivation trials to optimize farming activities.
Peran vegetasi dalam meningkatkan kualitas aksesibilitas di ruang terbuka publik (studi kasus: Taman Vatulemo)
Urban parks, as public open spaces, serve as areas that support social interaction and enhance the quality of life for the community. These parks feature vegetation that not only enhances their aesthetic appeal but also provides ecological benefits. Vegetation also contributes to visitor comfort and improves park accessibility. However, suboptimal vegetation planning can hinder accessibility for certain groups, such as individuals with disabilities, the elderly, and children. This study aims to analyze the role and impact of vegetation on accessibility in Vatulemo Park, Palu City. The research begins with field observations, followed by spatial analysis using GIS to examine the distribution of vegetation and circulation patterns within the park. Additionally, a landscape design evaluation is conducted based on Universal Design principles and accessibility standards for green open spaces. The findings indicate that the distribution of vegetation in Vatulemo Park does not fully support accessibility. Shaded areas along circulation paths and jogging tracks are still insufficient, making the park less comfortable for visitors, especially between 10:00 AM and 4:00 PM WITA. Moreover, the lack of vegetation around seating areas and gathering spaces reduces the park’s ecological function and user comfort. Therefore, recommendations are necessary to improve vegetation placement within the park, aiming to increase greenery along circulation paths and jogging tracks. The selection of plant species should also be adjusted to avoid obstructing visitor activities and comfort. Furthermore, chosen vegetation should not hinder accessibility, and user-friendly pathways should be provided for individuals with special needs. By implementing these strategies, Vatulemo Park is expected to become a more inclusive, comfortable, and ecologically sustainable public space for the residents of Palu City.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Tepung Ikan Petek dan Tepung Daun Kelor pada Bahan Baku Pakan Terhadap Efisiensi Pakan, Rasio Konversi Pakan dan Rasio Efisiensi Protein Ikan Nila
The high demand for fish feed consumption in cultivation activities requires a special strategy in determining feed economically. Petek fish and Moringa leaves are alternative ingredients used in tilapia feed formulation. The study aimed to determine the effect of combining petek fish and Moringa leaves on feed efficiency, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio. The method applied was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely commercial feed (A), fish meal petek fish, and Moringa leaves as much as 30% and 10% (B), 20% and 20% (C), 10% and 30% (D). Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test. The results of the study indicate that the average value of feed efficiency (EP), namely 98% (C), 72% (A), 69% (B) and 62% (D). The average feed conversion ratio (FCR) is 1.97 grams (C), 2.04 grams (A), 2.40 grams (B), and 2.97 grams (D). The average protein efficiency ratio (REP) was 1.98% (C), 1.53% (B), 1.32% (D), and 0.70% (A). The ANOVA results showed that the 20% and 20% (C) treatments had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the EP, RK, and REP of fish feed. The results of the W-Tukey further test showed that EP in treatment C was significantly different from B and D, but not significantly different from A. RKP in treatment C was significantly different from D, but not significantly different from A, and B. REP in treatment C was significantly different from A and D, but not significantly different from B. EP, RKP and REP obtained the best values ​​in the combination treatment of 20% petek fish and 20% moringa leaves (C)
Copyright (c) 2026 Agrokompleks https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
Secja: Fortifikasi kayu secang (Caesalpinia Sappan L) pada minuman instan
Herbal drinks are beverages made by infusing herbs in water, resulting in a drink with dregs. Innovation in food product fortification technology for the processing of ready-to-drink instant herbal beverages can be achieved by converting herbal drinks into instant products. This study aims to analyze the quality of instant herbal drinks, “secja”, enriched with the addition of sappanwood and Emprit Ginger. This study employed a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches, utilizing a completely randomized factorial design. Data analysis was carried out using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. The results showed that the quality of instant herbal drinks with the addition of 30 percent sappanwood extract concentration and 10 percent emprit ginger extract obtained a water content of 1.5 percent and a total sugar of 81 OBrix (SNI 011-4320-1996), polyphenols 38.21 mg GAE / 100 g, solubility 25.2 seconds, and hedonic tests of color, aroma, taste got criteria 4 (like).
Kemampuan antibakteri daun rambutan (Nepheliium lappaceum Linn) terhadap bakteri Vibrio sp. secara in vitro
Vibrio sp. is an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium that causes vibriosis in fish, shrimp, and seaweed. The use of synthetic antibiotics is everyday; however, resistance is difficult to prevent. The advantages of using natural antibiotics include their availability, environmental friendliness, and cost-effectiveness. This study aimed to utilize a natural material, specifically rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) leaf extract, as a candidate for testing its antibacterial activity against Vibrio sp. A phytochemical analysis of the rambutan leaf extract was conducted to identify the presence of bioactive compounds that inhibit bacterial growth. The extraction was performed through maceration using 70% ethanol as the solvent. The extract was then diluted in a series of concentrations ranging from 100% to 3.125%. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disk diffusion method on Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salt Sucrose (TCBS) agar medium. The results showed a potent inhibitory effect at the 100% extract concentration, with an inhibition zone diameter of 24.675 ± 0.53 mm. Potent inhibition was also observed at 75% and 50% extract concentrations, with inhibition zones of 19.95 ± 1.56 mm and 19.225 ± 4.63 mm, respectively. Phytochemical analysis of the rambutan leaf extract revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The study concluded by calculating the extract yield to assess the efficiency of rambutan leaf extraction using ethanol, yielding 7.16 ± 0.14%.
Pertumbuhan bibit tanaman karet dan perbandingan biaya pemupukan pada pengaplikasian pupuk daun dan pupuk akar
Fertilization can be applied through the leaves and roots, which have different characteristics and can complement each other. Foliar fertilizer suitable for use in rubber plant nurseries, other than Bayfolan, is Glow Green. This study aims to determine the growth of a rubber plant nursery using foliar fertilizer and root fertilizer, and to compare the fertilization costs. Research from April to September 2023 at the Bogor-Getas Unit Experimental Field, Salatiga. The experimental design used a randomized block design with 9 treatments and 3 replications. Treatments consisted of a control without fertilization, 50% root fertilizer, 100% root fertilizer, and a combination of root fertilizer at three dose levels (0%, 50%, 100%) with Bayfolan and Glow Green. Glow Green can reduce 50% dose of root fertilizer with plant height growth, stem diameter, and dry weight that are not significantly different compared to 100% root fertilizer and higher than 50% root fertilizer. The dry weight in the 50% root fertilizer + Bayfolan treatment was lower than in the 100% root fertilizer treatment. Treatment with 50% root fertilizer + Glow Green and 100% root fertilizer + Bayfolan showed higher relative agronomic effectiveness compared to 100% root fertilizer as the standard fertilization (RAE 108% and 105%), with fertilization costs of 89.8% and 117.5%. Glow Green is recommended for large-scale use in rubber nurseries, reducing fertilization costs by 10.2% and reducing the root fertilizer dose by 50%. At the same time, Bayfolan is applied without reducing the root fertilizer dose.
Karakterisasi fisik, kimia dan komponen bioaktif kerang gerigi dari perairan Pulau Kulambing Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan
Kulambing Island, located in Pangkajene Islands Regency, South Sulawesi, is rich in marine biodiversity, including a type of mollusc known as shellfish. One of the shellfish that local people widely consume is the serrated clam. This study aims to determine the physical, chemical, and bioactive component characteristics originating from Kulambing Island. This research was conducted from October to December 2024. The physical parameters analyzed included morphometric and chemical parameters, including water content, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate, and bioactive component tests. The study’s results showed that the serrated clam had a shell length of 6.62 cm, a width of 5.21 cm, and a thickness of 3.51 cm, with a meat yield of 14.06% and a shell of 85.93%. The chemical composition of the clam contains 76.2% water, 17.88% protein, 2.88% fat, 0.97% ash, and 2.07% carbohydrates. The bioactive content contained in the clams includes alkaloids, phenols, and saponins.
Komposisi proksimat, mineral dan logam berat Sargassum polycystum di perairan Pulau Payata, Kabupaten Pohuwato
Sargassum polycystum is a type of brown seaweed that grows naturally in the waters of Payata Island, Pohuwato Regency. Although it is abundant, its use by coastal communities is still minimal. This type of seaweed has excellent potential as a food source due to its rich content of various essential nutritional components, including protein, carbohydrates, and minerals. This study was conducted to determine the nutritional content and safety of S. polycystum consumption through proximate analysis, mineral content, and heavy metals. Samples of fresh S. polycystum are taken directly from their natural habitat, dried, and analyzed in the laboratory using standard methods. The results of the analysis showed that dried S. polycystum had a moisture content of 12.80%, an ash content of 31.87%, a fat content of 0.60%, a protein content of 10.54%, a crude fiber content of 7.42%, and a carbohydrate content of 44.20%. The main mineral content found included calcium at 0.72%, magnesium at 216 mg/kg, sodium at 213 mg/kg, potassium at 114 mg/kg, and iron at 690 mg/kg. Some other micromineral elements, such as chromium, are also detected in small amounts, while selenium, zinc, boron, and cobalt are below the detection limits of the tool. In addition, heavy metal test results showed that the levels of lead, cadmium, and mercury in S. polycystum were <0.030 mg/kg, <0.005 mg/kg, and <0.001 mg/kg, respectively, which means they are still well below the safe threshold for consumption. Based on these results, it can be concluded that Sargassum polycystum in the waters of Payata Island, Pohuwato Regency, not only has a reasonably high nutritional content but is also relatively safe for consumption. This potential opens up opportunities for its use as an alternative food ingredient or raw material for functional food products, offering economic value to coastal communities
Pengaruh suplementasi tepung jintan hitam dan tepung daun mengkudu terhadap organ reproduksi puyuh betina
Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) is an egg-producing poultry species whose optimal egg production relies on reproductive health, which can be supported by adding herbal supplements to the feed. This study investigated the potential of black cumin meal (BCM) and noni leaf meal (NLM) on the reproductive quality of female quail. Ninety-six heads of quails aged 66 days were maintained for 28 days with the following treatment: T0= Basal Feed (BF); T1= BF + 1% BCM + 3% NLM; T2= BF + 2% BCM + 3% NLM; T2= BF + 2% BCM + 2% NLM; T3= BF + 3% BCM + 1% NLM. Two head quails in each unit were necropsied to observe the parameters of the study, such as: weight and length of the oviduct, oviduct presentation, reproductive organ presentation, ovary weight, number and weight of yellow follicles, and weight of white follicles. The data were analyzed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications. The results showed that BCM and NLM supplementation only affected the weight of the oviduct and ovary (P<0.05); otherwise, there was no effect (P>0.05). No additional protein source is responsible for this finding; instead, the antioxidant content of the supplement serves to maintain livestock health. A combination of BCM and NLM can be recommended as a feed supplement at a rate of up to 1-3%.
Analisis hubungan klorofil dan pembagian asimilat dari aplikasi biosaka dalam pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman melon
Biosaka contains elicitor compounds that stimulate the physiological activity of plants, including increased chlorophyll content and enhanced efficiency of assimilate distribution. This study aims to examine the effect of elixitors in biosaka on leaf chlorophyll content and its relationship with the distribution of assimilates in the vegetative growth phase of melon plants. The research was conducted using an experimental method with a non-factorial Complete Random Design (CRD). The single factor in the form of biosaka concentration consists of six levels: B0 = 0 mL L⁻¹, B1 = 10 mL L⁻¹, B2 = 20 mL L⁻¹, B3 = 30 mL L⁻¹, B4 = 40 mL L⁻¹, and B5 = 50 mL L⁻¹. Each treatment was repeated four times, with each repetition consisting of three plants. The results showed that the application of biosaka at various concentrations had no significant effect on all observed parameters. Nevertheless, there is a substantial increase in plant length by up to 93% towards the end of the vegetative phase. A positive correlation was found between plant length and assimilate distribution to the crown (r = 35–47), as well as between leaf area and plant length and assimilate distribution to the crown (r = 36–77). This indicates that the application of biosaka contributes to the increase in physiological activity of plants, through an increase in leaf area that supports the process of photosynthesis and assimilation in the upper part of the plant.
Persepsi petani terhadap introduksi budidaya tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum) di Desa Kumpai Batu Atas Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat
West Kotawaringin Regency is one of the largest tomato-producing areas in Central Kalimantan, contributing significantly to the region’s tomato harvest. In the Arut Selatan District area, particularly in Kumpai Batu Atas Village, tomato plants have great potential to increase productivity, as there is still a significant amount of ample land that can be utilized. To increase productivity, the TPHP Service is implementing one of its programs, namely the introduction of tomato plants in Kumpai Batu Atas Village. This research aims to determine the level of productivity in tomato farming and farmers’ perceptions of the tomato cultivation introduction program in Kumpai Batu Atas Village, implemented by the Horticulture and Plantation Food Crops Service of West Kotawaringin Regency. The data analysis method used is a descriptive, quantitative approach with a Likert Scale. The research results indicate that the average productivity of tomato farming in Kumpai Batu Atas Village is 5.3985 kg/ha, with an average harvest area of 0.54 ha and a total production of 2,927 kg per planting season. Farmers’ perceptions of the introduction of tomato cultivation by the Horticulture and Plantation Food Crops Service are perfect, seen from the cognitive aspect with a percentage of 88%, the affective element at 88.5%, and the conative aspect at 88% with the overall perception being in the very agree/excellent perception category. with an interpretation percentage of 88%.
Penggunaan nitrogen dalam tubuh kambing peranakan etawa yang mendapat bungkil kedelai terproteksi cairan batang pisang
A Protein protection agent in feed components is banana stem liquid. This study aimed to determine the amount of nitrogen (N) utilized by crossbred Etawa goats fed soybean meal preserved with banana stem liquid. The study employed a fully randomized design with three treatments and three replications. Nine crossbred Etawa goats, approximately 5 months old and weighing approximately 7 kg or less, were used in this investigation. The way the treatment is set up. T0 = ​​Basic ration; T1 = T0 + soybean meal with protection from banana stem liquid; 100 grams: 50 cc; T2 = T0 + soybean meal with protection from banana stem liquid. 100 grams: 100 cc. The parameters observed in this study were N consumption, N output (N feces and N urine), N Digest and N Retention. N consumption, N output (N feces and N urine), N Digest, and N Retention.was not affected by different levels of protection (P>0.05). This research concludes that the utilization of nitrogen in the body of Crossbred Etawa goats is not affected by the provision of soybean meal protected by banana stem liquid.
Identifikasi kutu daun yang berasosiasi dengan tanaman jeruk
Aphids are polyphagous insects commonly found on various plants, including citrus plants. The association between aphids and citrus plants plays a role as pests and vectors of citrus plant diseases, particularly Citrus tristeza virus (CTV). Various aphid species have been reported as vectors of CTV, including Aphis gossypii, Toxoptera aurantii, and T. citricidus. So far, no information has been available on aphid species associated with citrus plants in Southeast Sulawesi. Therefore, this study aimed to identify aphid species associated with citrus plants. The research method used was observation and collection of aphids found colonizing citrus plants. The collected aphids were then brought to the laboratory for detection using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The study results showed that the aphid species associated with citrus plants was Aphis citricidus. The PCR technique successfully detected the genome of aphid vector samples from Konawe and South Konawe (700 bp). This information is a fundamental basis for controlling CTV in mainland Southeast Sulawesi.
Pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup larva udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) pada pemberian Thalassiosira sp. yang diperkaya omega-3 dari minyak cumi
The most critical stadia of shrimp larval development are the zoea and mysis stadia. Zoea stadia has a lower survival rate compared to other stadia, even death in zoea stadia can reach 90% before developing into mysis. Efforts to improve shrimp survival can be made by improving the quality of feed nutrients, one of which is by giving Thalassiosira sp. enriched with omega-3 from squid oil. This study aimed to determine the effect of Thalassiosira sp. enriched with omega-3 from squid oil on the growth and survival of vaname shrimp larvae (Litopenaeus vannamei). The experimental design used is a complete randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replicates, namely treatment K: Control (without enrichment), A: Enrichment of Thalassiosira sp. with squid oil 0.05 ml/L, B: Enrichment of Thalassiosira sp. with squid oil 0.07 ml/L, and C: Enrichment of Thalassiosira sp. with squid oil 0.1 ml/L. Vaname shrimp larvae used at the zoea stadia were reared until the mysis stadia by observing their growth and survival. The results showed that feeding Thalassiosira sp. enriched with omega 3 from squid oil at a dose of 0.1 ml/liter (treatment C) gave a better effect than the other treatments, where larval length growth was 5.1 mm and weights of about 1.12 mg, survival was 85% with fat content in the feed after enrichment of 13.69%.
Perbandingan fekunditas dan produksi naupli induk udang windu (Penaeus monodon) yang diberi pakan hati sapi dan cacing laut
The increase in tiger shrimp production (Penaeus monodon) needs to be balanced with the availability of high-quality seeds from broodstock that obtain feed with good and balanced nutritional content. The limited number of sea worms as a natural feed is still dependent on the population in nature and the price is relatively expensive. Therefore, alternative feed ingredients are needed that function as substitute feed for sea worms. This study examines the potential of cow liver as a substitution of sea worms in tiger shrimp broodstock feed to increase fecundity and naupli production. The method carried out to test was the administration of beef liver pieces and sea worms as mother feed in the morning with a dose of 6.25% of the parent biomass. The frequency of feeding is carried out 4 times a day, namely at 07.00, 11.00, 14.00 and 18.30, with a dose of 25% of the shrimp biomass per day for 14 days of production at the Barru Shrimp Hatchery. The results of the activity showed that the sows fed cow liver showed better results, namely producing an average fecundity of 370,238 grains/head and an average production of 178,550 naupli/head. This result was higher than that fed by sea worms, which was an average fecundity of 296,253 grains/broodstock and an average production of 140,039 naupli/broodstock. Cow liver is a source of vitamin A that can improve the reproductive performance of broodstock shrimp, measured by fecundity and naupli production. The results of this study are information for shrimp hatchery units to use cow liver as a substitute for sea worms in broodstock feed because of its high nutrition and relatively low price in order to increase the production of tiger shrimp seeds.
Analisis Aktivitas Penghambatan Ekstrak Daun Miana (Coleus blumei) Terhadap Bakteri Patogen Ikan Air Tawar
Diseases in freshwater fish are commonly controlled with antibiotics; however, excessive use can lead to bacterial resistance and accumulation of residues in fish tissue. Miana (Coleus blumei) has been identified as a potential natural antibacterial agent. This study evaluated the antibacterial potential of C. blumei leaf extract against common pathogens of freshwater fish. The experiment was conducted from May to June 2025 at the Pharmaceutical Microbiology Laboratory, Almarisah Madani University, Makassar, using four treatments with three replications: 500 µg/mL (A) and 1000 µg/mL. (B), 30 µg chloramphenicol (C), and 10% DMSO (D). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics based on the observed inhibition. The results showed that the inhibitory activity of miana leaf extract on A. hydrophila bacteria in treatment A: 8.23 mm, B: 8.61 mm, C: 19.61, and D: 7.36. The inhibitory activity on P. aeruginosa bacteria intreatment A: 8.11 mm, B: 8.17 mm, C: 18.30 mm, and D: 7.26 mm. While the inhibitory activity on S. aureus bacteria in treatment A: 10.78 mm, B 11.08 mm, C: 18.66 mm, and D: 8.82 mm. The conclusion is that the inhibitory activity of miana leaf extract is still categorized as lo against freshwater fish pathogenic bacteria.
Efektivitas Penggunaan Ikan Petek dan Daun Kelor Pada Pakan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Sintasan Ikan Nila
Feed plays a crucial role in tilapia aquaculture; however, high feed costs, driven by dependence on imported ingredients, have spurred the search for local alternatives. Petek fish and Moringa leaves are potential sources of animal and plant-based protein for fish feed formulation. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Petek fish and Moringa leaves in feed on the growth performance and survival of tilapia. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used, consisting of four treatments and three replications, namely: commercial feed (A), 30% Petek fish + 10% Moringa leaves (B), 20% Petek fish + 20% Moringa leaves (C), and 10% Petek fish + 30% Moringa leaves (D). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by a W-Tukey post hoc test. Results showed that the average absolute weight gain (AWG) was 4.86 grams (C), 3.63 grams (A), 2.86 grams (B), and 2.45 grams (D), respectively. The average specific growth rate (SGR) was 3.77%/day (C), 3.21%/day (A), 2.77%/day (B), and 2.46%/day (D). The survival rates were 97.77% (C), 95.55% (B) and (D), and 64.44% (A). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the treatment had a significant effect on AWG, SGR, and survival rate (P < 0.05). The W-Tukey post hoc test indicated that AWG and SGR in treatment C differed significantly from B and D, but not significantly different from A, while survival treatment A differed significantly from B, C, and D, but B, C, and D showed no significant differences. The treatment of 20% Petek fish + 20% Moringa leaves (C) was the most effective combination in increasing AWG, SGR, and survival of tilapia
Analisis penerapan teknologi pertanian dalam sistem budidaya tanaman pangan untuk peningkatan produksi dan pendapatan usahatani di Kabupaten Pangkajene dan Kepulauan (Pangkep)
The development of food crops in South Sulawesi Province, especially in Pangkep Regency, still needs to be improved to strengthen its food security by optimally utilizing available land so that the current food security status can be improved from the resistant category to very resistant. This study aims to determine the characteristics of farmer resources and analyze the application of technology (cropping patterns, land area, mechanization, use of fertilizers and pesticides) in the food crop cultivation system that can encourage increased production and income of community farming businesses in Pangkep Regency. This research was conducted in Kanaungan Village and Bara Batu Village, Labbakkang District, Pangkajene Islands Regency, from August to December 2024. The research location was selected purposively as a food crop commodity farming area. Data collection methods were observation and interviews to obtain primary data from respondents using a structured questionnaire that was tabulated and described descriptively. Regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between independent variables (X) including production factors (land area) and the application of several cultivation technologies, to food crop farming production as the dependent variable (Y). The results of the study showed that people of productive age dominate the farming business actors (91.67%) of food crops in Pangkep Regency with elementary to secondary education backgrounds being a limiting factor in the application of cultivation technology innovation. The results of the regression analysis showed that the land area factor, either singly or together with several variables of technology application simultaneously, had a significant effect on the amount of production. The regression coefficient value shows that each additional value of the land area variable, the use of agricultural machinery and fertilizers increases the production of food crop farming businesses. The community's production of 5 tons per planting season is expected to increase further.
Efektifitas pemberian rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis) yang diperkaya dengan ekstrak kulit nanas (Ananas comosus L. Merr) terhadap kelulushidupan dan pertumbuhan larva ikan bandeng (Chanos chanos Forsskal)
The problem often encountered in milkfish aquaculture activities is the availability of seeds due to high mortality and weak physical condition of the larvae. The critical phase of milkfish fry occurs during the adaptation period of the larvae to adjust their digestive organs to the food they receive. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of rotifer (B. pliccatilis) enriched with pineapple peel extract on the survival and growth of milkfish larvae (C. chanos). This research was conducted from March to April 2024 at PT Esaputlii Prakarsa Utama. The treatment used a complete randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments, namely the provision of pineapple peel extract at a dose of 0.1 ml/l, 0.2 ml/l, 0.3 ml/l and no extract (control) with 4 replications. The density of fish larvae in this study was 4 fish/l. The results showed the effect of feeding rotifer (B. plicatilis) enriched with pineapple peel extract on the survival and growth of milkfish (C. chanos) larvae. Based on the results of the ANOVA test, the survival and growth of milkfish treated with pineapple peel extract were significantly different (P < 0.05) from the treatment without pineapple peel extract. The highest average survival rate was obtained in treatment C (0.3 ml/l dose) at 54.5±3.42%, and the lowest was obtained in the control treatment at 38.25±1.25. Weight growth such as absolute weight, daily weight, and specific growth rate were highest in treatment C with mean values of 1.52±0.17, 0.05±0.01, and 22.10±0.38, respectively. Length growth such as absolute length, daily length, and specific length was highest in treatment C with mean values of 20.47±0.17, 0.68±0.01, and 5.42±0.02, respectively.
Perubahan daya serap air tepung okara termodifikasi serta pengaruhnya pada tekstur dan sensoris nugget ayam
Okara or soybean pulp is a by-product of processed soybeans that has a high nutritional content of protein and food fibre. The physical and chemical modification process is needed for okara flour to improve the ability of water absorption so that it can be applied to chicken nugget products. This study aimed to determine the impact of modification type on the water absorption ability of okara flour produced and the impact of modification type and percentage of modified okara flour substitution on the texture and sensory properties of chicken nuggets produced. The research procedure started by making okara flour treated with modification types (autoclaving-cooling, acid hydrolysis, combination of acid hydrolysis, and autoclaving-cooling). Modified okara flour was applied to chicken nuggets with a percentage of flour substitution of 5% and 10%. The results of flour analysis showed that the three types of modified okara flour can decrease the ability of water absorption compared to the control. The results of chicken nugget analysis showed that the three types of modification and the percentage of okara flour substitution significantly affected the texture values of hardness, cohesiveness, and gumminess but did not significantly affect the value of springiness and sensory properties of the product.
Pemetaan indeks pertanaman lahan sawah menggunakan citra satelit landsat 8 di Kabupaten Tanah Datar (studi kasus: Kecamatan Sungai Tarab)
Increasing national rice production requires several strategies, including expanding the planting area by creating new rice fields, increasing land productivity, and expanding the harvest area by increasing the planting index (IP). The Tanah Datar Regency area produces lowland rice with different production in each sub-district. This difference in rice production results occurs due to differences in harvested area which is influenced by the rice planting index. One way to identify rice IP is by utilizing remote sensing technology through vegetation indices to see rice growth phases on Landsat 8 satellite images. A reliable vegetation index calculation in determining rice growth phases is the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI). This research aims to determine the paddy field planting index in Sungai Tarab District. This research utilizes Landsat 8 satellite imagery in 2021 and 2022. This research uses quantitative descriptive analysis through interpretation of Landsat 8 satellite imagery recorded in 2021 and 2022 and field survey data. This research produces results of the rice growth phases in 2021 and 2022, maps of the distribution of planting indices in 2021 and 2022, and several factors that influence differences in planting indices. Based on the distribution of the planting index in 2022, it has increased compared to 2022, namely there are three classes of planting index IP 100, IP 200, and IP 300. Meanwhile, the irrigation network is the main factor in influencing the IP of rice in Sungai Tarab District.
Pengaruh penambahan effective microorganism 4 (EM4) dengan level yang berbeda terhadap kandungan nutrient gosse (Ceratophyllum sp.)
The utilization of fishery by-products has been recognized as an effective alternative solution to address the challenges of feed ingredient availability. One of the fishery by-products that holds potential for feed production is Gosse. However, there are challenges in using Gosse as duck feed due to its nutrient content, which is not yet optimal to meet the nutritional needs of ducks. This study aims to analyze the changes in the nutritional quality of Gosse after the addition of EM4. The research was conducted at the Polytechnic of Agriculture in Pangkajene and Islands, with proximate analysis covering moisture content, ash content, crude protein, crude fiber, and crude fat, carried out in the laboratory of the institution-fiber, and crude fat, carried out in the laboratory of the institution's laboratory. The method employed was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications. The treatments were: P0 (Gosse without the addition of EM4), P1 (5% EM4 addition), P2 (10% EM4 addition), and P3 (15% EM4 addition). The results showed that the best nutrient quality for moisture content and crude fat was found in P0 (without EM4), while the best ash content was observed in P2 (10% EM4 addition). The optimal results were achieved in P3 (15% EM4 addition) for crude protein and fat, which requires further testing at higher levels.
Pengaruh ekstrak n-heksan daun pepaya (Carica papaya) terhadap aktivitas biologis ulat grayak jagung (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith)
Synthetic insecticides are quite effective in controlling Spodoptera frugiperda larvae, but there are various negative impacts on the environment, humans, and the occurrence of OPT resistance. Carica papaya contains insecticidal secondary metabolites. The design used was a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatment levels including 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.8% papaya leaf extract. The results showed that the compounds contained in the n-hexane extract of C. papaya leaves include alkaloids, steroids, and terpenoids. The n-hexane extract of papaya leaves had a significant effect on cumulative larval mortality at 23 days after application (DAP), mortality caused by the administration of n-hexane extract of C. papaya leaves was still less effective, which was still below 80%. In the development of instars II-VI, the 0.8% treatment was 8.93 days slower than the control treatment.
Karakteristik fisikokimia dan skirining fitokimia cuka sari daging buah pala Fakfak (Myristica argantea Warb)
The flesh of the Fakfak nutmeg fruit is a part of the nutmeg fruit that has low economic value due to its minimal utilization. The carbohydrate, fiber, and antioxidant content in the flesh of the nutmeg fruit presents potential for processing into fruit vinegar for broader utilization. This research needs to be conducted as an initial step to obtain nutmeg fruit pulp vinegar from Fakfak for broader general utilization of nutmeg fruit pulp and to gain benefits from Fakfak nutmeg fruit pulp vinegar as a functional beverage in particular. The purpose of this research is to determine the chemical properties and phytochemical screening of the nutmeg fruit pulp vinegar produced. The experimental design of this research is a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 1 factor, which is the reduction of nutmeg fruit flesh size at three levels (diced, ground without straining, ground with straining). This research was conducted in two stages. The first stage is the fermentation of nutmeg fruit juice vinegar. The second stage is the analysis of physicochemical properties and phytochemical screening. The research results show that the vinegar from the mace fruit obtained through dicing, grinding without filtering, and grinding with filtering treatments have pH values of 2 each, total acidity of 0.43%, 0.49%, and 0.48% respectively, total dissolved solids of 1.8 obrix, 3 obrix, and 2.05 obrix respectively, and alcohol content of 3%, 6.9%, and 4.9% respectively. Phytochemical screening showed positive results for alkaloids, tannins, and polyphenols, while flavonoids, saponins, and steroids showed negative results.
Analisis produksi dan pendapatan petani padi sawah Desa Tanjung Kesuma Kecamatan Purbolinggo, Kabupaten Lampung Timur
Rice is a staple food commodity and a source of income for the Indonesian population. Efforts to increase rice production continue to be made by the government to maintain food availability and increase farmers' income. However, the current problem is that low rice productivity will affect farmers' income. The study aims to (1) analyze the factors affecting rice farming production and (2) analyze rice farming income. This type of research is quantitative research, while the method used is the survey method. This research was conducted in Tanjung Kesuma Village, Purbolinggo District, East Lampung Regency. The population of this study were residents of Tanjung Kesuma Village with a sample size of 86 respondents determined by Simple Random Sampling Method. Data analysis tools used are Multiple Linear Regression Analysis and income analysis. The results showed that the variables of land area and urea fertilizer had a significant effect on rice production, while seeds and pesticides had no significant effect on rice production. The average income of rice farming on total costs per growing season averaged Rp 9,198,563 with R/C of 2.4 which means rice farming has been profitable.
Prevalensi penyakit pada karang di kawasan transplantasi coral tree nursery, Pulau Barrang Lompo
Coral reefs are ecosystems that are vulnerable to health problems, so various coral conservation efforts need to be carried out sustainably, one of which is using the Coral Tree Nursery (CTN) on Barrang Lompo Island, Sangkarrang Islands District, Makassar City. Monitoring of corals also needs to be done periodically so that the condition of the coral can be known, both disease and health problems. This study aims to determine health problems and disease types found in coral fragments in the Coral Tree Nursery. The research method uses field experiments by placing three coral tree nursery modules consisting of coral fragments. Observations were carried out with an underwater macro camera for one month, and accompanied by measurements of physical parameters of the water. The results of the observations were then analyzed descriptively. Data on physical parameters of the waters showed conditions suitable for coral biota, including pH 8.01, temperature 30°C, salinity 27.67 ppt, current flow 0.07 m/s, brightness 100%, and depth 7 m. Coral species observed included Acropora cervicornis, Montipora digitata, Pocillopora damicornis, Porites compressa, and Echinopora horrida. Health disorders in corals consisted of disorders by algae, sponges, barnacles, fish bites, bleaching, shellfish, and fan worms (Sabellidae). The type of disease found was White Band Disease (WBD) in Acropora cervicornis coral with a frequency of six colonies. The presence of health disorders and diseases in cultivated coral fragments requires special attention because it can affect the survival rate and long-term growth of corals
Manajemen pakan dan kualitas air pada pemeliharaan larva ikan kerapu cantang (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus >< Epinephelus lanceolatus)
Cantang grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus >< Epinephelus lanceolatus) is one of the leading export commodities in Indonesia. The sustainability of cantang grouper farming must be supported by the availability of quality seeds. Efforts to produce cantang grouper fry can be carried out with proper maintenance of larvae. This study aims to determine the technical management of feed and water media in maintaining cantang grouper larvae. The type of feed used is natural feed and artificial feed with doses adjusted to the age of the larvae. The types of natural feed given to cantang grouper larvae are Nannochloropsis oculata, Rotifer, and Artemia sp. The range of water quality parameters, namely temperature 30.5-31 oC, pH 7.8-8.2, salinity 33-34 ppt, and DO 3.51-4.27 ppm is still optimal for maintaining cantang grouper larvae. Feed, and water quality management can support the development of canting grouper larvae with a Hatching Rate (HR) value of 48%-72% and a Survival Rate (SR) of 16%-18%.
Pengukuran keparahan gejala penyakit kuning dan kandungan nitrogen tanaman cabai terinfeksi Virus Gemini berbasis spektral biosensor
Gemini Virus infection yellow leaf curl virus causes morphological damage such as leaf malformation, small leaves, curved leaves, and stunted plants, and affects the nitrogen content and leaf area of chili plants. The variation of symptoms is quite high so its measurement is quite difficult. The same thing with measuring the nitrogen content of plants can only be done in the laboratory. However, along with the development of digital technology, these measurements can be done directly in the field, including measuring the leaf area index of plants. The purpose of the study was to measure the severity of Gemini Virus disease symptoms, nitrogen content, and leaf area of chili plants infected with Gemini Viruses. Using the ImageJ Software application, samples of chili plants infected with Gemini Viruses were recorded randomly on chili plantations in the Muna and Buton Islands. The variables observed were the severity of Gemini Virus symptoms, nitrogen concentration, and leaf area of chili plants infected with Gemini Viruses. The results showed that there was a tendency that the higher the severity of Gemini Virus symptoms, the lower the nitrogen content and the smaller the leaf area index of chili plants.
Pengaruh penambahan jenis dan konsentrasi hidrokoloid terhadap sifat fisik dan kualitas pemasakan mi kering bebas gluten
Noodles are one of the food products frequently consumed by the Indonesian people. The main ingredient for making noodles is wheat flour, which contains gluten, one of the causes of celiac disease. The experiment involved making gluten-free noodles from local flours, namely sago flour, yellow sweet potato flour, and mung bean flour, with the addition of hydrocolloids to resemble the characteristics of conventional noodles. The research aims to determine the effect of adding guar gum and xanthan gum on the physical properties and cooking quality of gluten-free dry noodles. This research was conducted using a qualitative and quantitative approach with a factorial completely randomized design. Data analysis was conducted using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test with the Minitab 20 application. The testing showed a significant effect, so further testing was conducted using the BNJ/Tukey test at the 5% level. The research results indicate that the noodle dough's molding ability has not yet formed perfectly, although the strands of noodles are still fragmented. Visually, gluten-free dry noodles are yellowish-brown in color. The concentration of xanthan gum and guar gum has a significant effect (α≤0.05) on the resulting moisture. The concentration of xanthan gum and guar gum has a significant effect (α≤0.05) on the cooking time obtained, and xanthan gum and guar gum have a significant effect (α≤0.05) on water absorption, shrinkage, cooking time, and the resulting cooking time.